Why do we dream?

Information processing theory suggests that dreaming plays a crucial role in how our brains manage and organise information. From the problems we've solved, to the decisions we've made, dreams are a way for our brains to process, sort, and store the information we’ve encountered throughout the day.

Wish fulfillment theory, proposed by Sigmund Freud, suggests that dreams allow us to fulfill unconscious desires and wishes that are repressed or unmet in our waking life. According to this theory, dreams use symbolic imagery to represent these hidden desires, providing a safe space for them to be expressed without direct consequences. Essentially, dreams act as a psychological outlet, helping to manage and reconcile deeper, often unconscious, wishes and conflicts.

Threat simulation theory suggests that dreams act as a natural defense mechanism, helping us rehearse and prepare for potential threats. According to this theory, dreaming allows us to simulate and practice responses to danger or challenges in a safe environment, enhancing our survival skills and emotional resilience. Essentially, dreams serve as a mental rehearsal for dealing with real-life threats and stressors.

Activation synthesis theory proposes that dreams result from the brain’s attempt to make sense of random neural activity during sleep. According to this theory, the brain generates dreams by weaving together these random signals into a coherent narrative. Essentially, dreams are the brain’s way of creating stories from the internal noise and activity occurring while we sleep.

Physiological functioning theory suggests that dreams help maintain brain health by stimulating neural connections and preserving cognitive functions. Just like it’s advisable to turn on a car every now and then if it’s not driven for a while to keep the engine running smoothly, dreaming helps keep the brain active and healthy by processing and integrating experiences.